In-Depth Review of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug
Intro
The 2018 Volkswagen Bug represents a compelling intersection of classic design and modern engineering. Recognized for its unique aesthetics and nostalgic connection to the original Beetle, this model offers more than just an eye-catching appearance. As we delve into the specifics of this vehicle, we will cover various aspects including its performance, customer satisfaction, and market positioning. Each segment aims to provide a detailed understanding for potential buyers and automotive enthusiasts alike, revealing the strengths and weaknesses of this iconic car.
Performance and Specifications
Engine Specifications
The 2018 Volkswagen Bug is powered by a 2.0-liter turbocharged inline-four engine. This powerplant generates a robust 174 horsepower, providing an engaging driving experience. The engine is paired with either a six-speed manual transmission or an optional six-speed automatic, catering to both performance-oriented drivers and those looking for convenience. The Bug's lightweight build enhances agility, offering a smooth ride through urban and rural landscapes alike.
Fuel Efficiency
In terms of fuel efficiency, the 2018 Bug stands out in its class. The manual version achieves approximately 24 miles per gallon in the city and 33 miles per gallon on the highway. The automatic transmission slightly improves these numbers, with a combined average of around 28 miles per gallon. For environmentally conscious buyers, this model presents a well-balanced option, combining pleasant driving dynamics with respectable fuel economy.
Cost of Ownership
Initial Purchase Price
Initial purchase price for the 2018 Volkswagen Bug varies based on trim levels and optional features. The base model starts at around $20,000, while higher trims with added technology and comforts can reach upwards of $26,000. Such pricing places the Bug within a competitive range against other compact cars, making it an attractive option for buyers looking for a blend of style and performance.
Maintenance Costs
When considering long-term ownership, maintenance costs are an important factor. The Bug is generally viewed as reliable, with average annual maintenance expenses estimated around $500 to $600. Regular service intervals and reasonable parts pricing contribute to overall ownership cost transparency. Volkswagen also provides a warranty period that offers some peace of mind, especially for first-time buyers.
"The Volkswagen Bug remains a symbol of freedom and individuality, even in contemporary automotive culture."
Prologue to the Volkswagen Bug
The 2018 Volkswagen Bug marks a significant chapter in the legacy of a vehicle that has transcended generations. This model offers an interesting blend of nostalgic design and modern functionality. Understanding the 2018 Volkswagen Bug is vital for enthusiasts and potential buyers alike. It reflects not only an automotive choice but also a cultural statement, rooted in history yet relevant in contemporary society.
As we examine this model, various elements stand out. Firstly, the historical context provides insight into the evolution of the Bug, illustrating how it has managed to maintain its distinct identity while adapting to changes in consumer needs and technological advancements. Additionally, its reception in the automotive culture reveals the emotional connection that many have with this vehicle, which is more than just a means of transportation. The 2018 model retains the classic charm that has captivated loyal fans while integrating features to meet the demands of today's drivers.
Ultimately, this section will delve into the Bug’s evolution and its status, further enhancing our understanding of its place in the market today.
Historical Context
The Bug's history traces back to the 1930s, where it was initially conceived as a people's car in Germany. This car became a remarkable success and has witnessed various iterations over decades. Moving into the modern era, the Volkswagen Bug underwent significant redesigns while retaining the core aesthetic elements that made it iconic. The 2018 model continues this tradition, combining retro influences with contemporary automotive engineering.
The production of this model faced challenges, such as changing consumer preferences and stricter emissions regulations. Despite this, Volkswagen has managed to keep the essence of the Bug alive. It has skillfully balanced modern performance with the nostalgic elements that many drivers cherish.
This historical perspective is essential for understanding not just the latest model but also the broader implications of automotive design through time.
Significance in Automotive Culture
The Volkswagen Bug holds a unique position in automotive culture. It is often seen as a symbol of freedom and individuality. Its quirky design and approachable nature have endeared it to many. This model is not just a vehicle but an emblem of a lifestyle that resonates with values of simplicity and authenticity.
For car enthusiasts, owning a Bug is a way to connect with history while enjoying a reliable driving experience. The loyalty of its fanbase remains strong, underscoring the cultural influence that the Bug has maintained over the years. Vehicles like the 2018 Volkswagen Bug reflect a blend of tradition and modernity, which is significant in a market increasingly dominated by technology and efficiency.
Furthermore, the Bug has carved out a niche that transcends mere transportation. It encourages a community spirit among owners who share a common appreciation for this vehicle. Various gatherings and clubs exist, fostering connections among enthusiasts—a testament to the Bug's ongoing legacy in the automotive realm.
In the context of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug, the cultural significance further reaffirms its relevance today, inspiring both admiration and warmth as it continues to attract new generations.
Design Overview
The design overview of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug provides critical insights into the model’s distinct visual identity and comfort features. The design elements not only define the car's aesthetic appeal but also play a significant role in the overall user experience. Understanding the various aspects of design helps potential buyers appreciate what the Bug offers in terms of style, comfort, and functionality.
Exterior Design Elements
Overall Aesthetic
The overall aesthetic of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug is a blend of modernity and nostalgia. This model stands out with its curvy lines and compact shape, reminiscent of the classic models that many automotive enthusiasts cherish. The key characteristic is its playful yet sophisticated appearance. This aesthetic makes the Bug a popular choice among those looking for something unique in the compact car segment.
One unique feature is the ability of the Bug to evoke emotions associated with its heritage while integrating modern design principles. While the traditional look attracts buyers, some may argue that such a visually distinctive design can limit its appeal among those preferring a more conventional style.
Color Options
The color options available for the 2018 Volkswagen Bug enhance its lively personality. With a variety of vibrant and classic hues like Habanero Orange and Pure White, buyers can choose shades that align with their personal taste. The standout characteristic of these options is how they allow for personalization. This contributes significantly to the Bug’s marketability, making it appealing to a broader audience.
A unique feature is the availability of multi-tone options for the roof, which allows drivers to customize their vehicle even further. This can be seen as beneficial since it allows buyers to express individual style. However, some may find that certain color choices could date quicker than more neutral tones, impacting long-term desirability.
Lighting Features
The lighting features in the 2018 Volkswagen Bug are practical and aesthetically pleasing. The inclusion of LED daytime running lights and rear lights enhances visibility while adding to the car's modern look. The key characteristic of these lighting features is their energy efficiency, contributing to the vehicle's overall eco-friendly appeal.
One unique aspect is the chromatic adaptability of the headlights, improving visibility under various driving conditions. While these innovations provide clear advantages in terms of safety, they also add to the vehicle's design appeal. However, some consumers may prefer halogen options for maintenance ease due to the higher replacement costs associated with LED systems.
Interior Design and Comfort
Materials Used
The materials used in the interior of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug play a vital role in defining comfort and quality. Soft-touch surfaces and supportive seating create an inviting atmosphere. The essential characteristic of the materials is durability, aimed at withstanding daily wear and tear while maintaining a stylish appearance.
One notable feature is the use of eco-friendly materials, appealing to environmentally conscious consumers. While this approach is beneficial for sustainability, it may not appeal to buyers seeking traditional luxury materials, which they may regard as more premium.
Space and Layout
The space and layout inside the Bug prioritize comfort for both front and rear passengers. The clever design maximizes available space, ensuring that passengers feel less cramped, despite the compact classification. A key characteristic is the ergonomic layout of controls and seating arrangements, adding to the user-friendliness.
A unique aspect is the rear seat space, which is generous for a compact car, allowing for comfortable journeys. However, tall passengers might still find headroom limited, illustrating a trade-off that some buyers might consider.
Technological Integration
Technological integration within the 2018 Volkswagen Bug is a significant selling point. The user-friendly infotainment system, featuring touchscreen controls, establishes a modern driving environment. A key characteristic is the seamless connectivity with smartphones, enhancing the overall driver experience.
The unique integration of features such as Bluetooth and navigation systems enhances ease of use. This is beneficial, especially for tech-savvy consumers looking for modern capabilities in their vehicle. However, initial overwhelming complexity for non-technical users might pose a challenge in fully utilizing all features.
This comprehensive understanding of the design and layout of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug provides potential buyers with valuable insights into its unique attributes, appealing to a varied market.
Performance Specifications
The section on performance specifications is crucial in evaluating the 2018 Volkswagen Bug. Performance specifications encompass various aspects that inform potential buyers about how the vehicle will perform in daily driving scenarios. Factors like engine types, transmission choices, and overall driving experience significantly shape a car's appeal in a competitive market. Understanding these specifications can help consumers make informed decisions based on their preferences and needs.
Engine and Transmission
Engine Types
The engine types available for the 2018 Volkswagen Bug play a pivotal role in its appeal to different consumers. Primarily, the Bug is equipped with a turbocharged four-cylinder engine. This engine is significant because it balances performance with fuel efficiency. The turbocharging increases power output while managing to maintain reasonable fuel consumption rates compared to larger engines.
The key characteristic of this engine is its responsive performance. This trait contributes positively to the overall driving experience, making it more enjoyable for drivers who appreciate quick acceleration and agility. However, there are drawbacks to consider. The turbocharged engine may result in a slight lag at lower RPMs, which some drivers may find less than ideal. Overall, this engine type remains a popular choice due to its enjoyable blend of power and efficiency.
Transmission Options
Transmission options for the 2018 Volkswagen Bug give buyers flexibility in how they prefer to interact with the vehicle. The Bug comes available with both a six-speed manual transmission and a six-speed automatic transmission. The automatic option is especially appealing for urban drivers or those who dislike the manual shifting process.
The six-speed automatic transmission stands out for its smooth shifting and quick gear changes, benefiting the overall driving experience. However, enthusiasts may favor the manual transmission for the sense of control it offers. Despite this, some may find manual transmission difficult in stop-and-go traffic, which could deter casual drivers. Ultimately, the variety of transmission options accommodates a broad range of preferences among buyers, enhancing the appeal of the Bug.
Driving Experience
Handling Characteristics
Handling characteristics of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug are essential to understanding how it performs on various road conditions. The compact size of the Bug contributes to its nimbleness, allowing for agile maneuvering in urban settings. This characteristic is particularly beneficial for those who frequently navigate through tight spaces or congested traffic.
The vehicle's suspension tuning also plays an important role. It delivers a well-balanced ride, providing comfort without sacrificing performance. However, some drivers may find the handling less refined when tackled with rougher terrains. Overall, the handling characteristics are generally perceived as advantageous, instilling confidence in the driver.
Acceleration Metrics
Acceleration metrics provide insight into how quickly the 2018 Volkswagen Bug can reach higher speeds. The turbocharged engine, together with the efficient transmission system, allows the Bug to accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in approximately 6.6 seconds, placing it well within the competitive realm of compact cars. This performance is particularly attractive to drivers seeking a blend of daily practicality and excitement.
The notable acceleration stands out as a primary factor for consumers who enjoy spirited driving. On the flip side, the Bug’s top speed may not rival sportier options in its class, which could serve as a consideration for performance-focused buyers. Thus, while the acceleration metrics align well with the Bug’s overall performance philosophy, it is essential for potential buyers to evaluate their preferences against the competition.
"Understanding performance specifications not only enriches the buying experience but also allows drivers to appreciate the engineering behind their vehicle."
Safety Features
Safety features are a critical aspect of any automotive model, particularly in a competitive market where consumer expectations are elevated. The 2018 Volkswagen Bug prioritizes safety through a mix of standard equipment and advanced technologies. This section will delve into the various safety components, highlighting their importance, functionality, and consumer perception.
Standard Safety Equipment
Airbags
Airbags serve as one of the fundamental safety mechanisms in the 2018 Volkswagen Bug. They are designed to deploy during a collision, absorbing the impact and reducing the risk of injury to the occupant. A key characteristic of the airbags in this model is their multi-stage deployment system, which adjusts the inflation force based on the severity of the crash. This adaptability makes it a beneficial choice for drivers who prioritize safety.
One unique feature of the Bug's airbags is the inclusion of side-curtain airbags, enhancing protection for both front and rear passengers during side-impact events. This system has advantages in mitigating injury risk; however, it can come with disadvantages, such as the potential for failure in very low-speed collisions where deployment may not be triggered.
Stability Control
Stability control is another essential safety feature that ensures the driver maintains control of the vehicle in challenging conditions. The 2018 Volkswagen Bug incorporates Electronic Stability Control (ESC), which helps prevent skidding and loss of traction on slippery roads. This aspect plays a substantial role in enhancing the overall safety of the vehicle.
The key characteristic of ESC is its ability to automatically apply brakes to individual wheels, making it a beneficial feature during sudden turns or on curves. A notable advantage of this system is its contribution to overall vehicle stability, which can be lifesaving in an emergency. Despite its advantages, some consumers may find the system intrusive, particularly in situations where they want to maneuver aggressively.
Advanced Safety Technologies
As technology advances, vehicles are equipped with enhanced safety technologies that go beyond traditional equipment. The 2018 Volkswagen Bug offers several advanced features that significantly contribute to accident prevention and driver security.
Collision Avoidance Systems
Collision avoidance systems are designed to detect potential collisions and take action to avoid them. The 2018 Volkswagen Bug is equipped with a forward collision warning system that alerts the driver of impending danger. A key characteristic of this system is its ability to engage the brakes autonomously in certain situations. This capability makes it a popular choice among tech-savvy consumers seeking added layers of safety.
The unique feature of the collision avoidance system is its integration with automatic emergency braking, a feature that can potentially reduce the severity of an accident or prevent one altogether. However, reliance on such systems can lead to complacency, which is a disadvantage that drivers should be aware of.
Lane Departure Alerts
Lane departure alerts play a vital role in keeping drivers aware of their position on the road. The 2018 Volkswagen Bug provides this feature through a warning system that activates if the vehicle drifts out of its lane without signaling. A notable characteristic of this technology is its auditory and visual alerts, making it noticeable for anyone behind the wheel.
The advantage of lane departure alerts is their ability to assist in preventing unintentional lane changes, which is particularly beneficial during long drives or in heavy traffic. Nonetheless, a disadvantage arises when the system is overly sensitive, sometimes triggering alerts in benign situations, which may frustrate some users.
In summary, the safety features of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug showcase a commitment to driver and passenger security, combining traditional equipment with modern technologies to address the diverse needs of today's automotive consumers.
Market Reception
The market reception of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug is crucial to understand its place within the automotive landscape. The way the market embraces a vehicle can greatly influence its longevity and success. For the Volkswagen Bug, this reception provides insights not only into sales performance but also into how consumers perceive its value and utility in today’s competitive compact car sector. A positive market reception can enhance dealer support and retention of value over time, while negative feedback can signal needed improvements.
Sales Performance
Sales Volume
Sales volume reflects the number of units sold within a specific timeframe and serves as a key indicator of a vehicle’s popularity. For the 2018 Volkswagen Bug, this volume was noteworthy due to its nostalgic appeal and distinct design. In many regions, the Bug maintained relatively strong sales, especially among consumers who appreciated its unique style and heritage. The sales volume illustrates how well the model resonated with both loyal Volkswagen fans and new buyers.
However, a drop in numbers from previous years indicates increasing pressure from rivals in the compact segment. This situation highlights the shifting preferences of buyers, who may lean towards more modern alternatives. Thus, while strong sales volume is a benefit for recognition, it also necessitates continuous innovation to remain competitive.
Market Positioning
Market positioning identifies a vehicle’s place relative to competitors based on various factors including price, features, and brand identity. The 2018 Volkswagen Bug aimed to position itself as a fun, stylish choice in the compact category. It targeted a specific demographic that values lifestyle over sheer utility.
This positioning has a unique advantage as it draws in a following reminiscent of the original Bug. However, the downside is the narrower target market, limiting its appeal to traditional compact buyers. Effectively, while its position holds strengths in brand loyalty, it challenges Volkswagen to consistently communicate that distinctiveness to attract a broader audience.
Consumer Feedback
Consumer feedback is essential for understanding the actual experiences of those who own the 2018 Volkswagen Bug. This feedback encompasses both satisfaction ratings and common complaints. It can guide future developments and shape public perception.
Customer Satisfaction Ratings
Customer satisfaction ratings provide a quantitative overview of how pleased owners are with their Bug. Across various review platforms, such as Edmunds and Consumer Reports, these ratings often reveal high overall satisfaction tied to the vehicle's iconic design and reliable performance.
Importantly, good ratings foster a positive image that encourages new buyers to consider the Bug. However, as preferences evolve, these ratings must also address aspects like fuel efficiency and new tech integration to maintain relevance. Thus, while satisfaction ratings are crucial, they require regular monitoring against industry standards.
Common Complaints
Common complaints typically highlight issues that are prevalent among buyers. For the 2018 Volkswagen Bug, some owners expressed dissatisfaction regarding limited rear visibility and storage space. While its design is appealing, these functional drawbacks can affect everyday usability, which is critical for compact cars expected to perform in various scenarios.
Additionally, some critiques focused on infotainment usability, indicating that newer technology may need more intuitive designs to meet user expectations. Highlighting these complaints reflects the reality of consumer priorities and presents Volkswagen with opportunities for improvement. The recognition and addressing of such issues can lead to increased satisfaction in future models.
In summary, the market reception of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug underscores the importance of not only sales and positioning but also the insights derived from consumer feedback. Understanding these elements is key for ongoing assessment of its performance in an unyielding automotive market.
Technological Advancements
The 2018 Volkswagen Bug represents a blend of classic design elements with modern technological advancements. This synergy not only enhances the driving experience but also reflects shifts in consumer expectations for connectivity and safety. As automotive technology continues to evolve, the inclusion of advanced features becomes a critical assessment point for any model. It can significantly influence buyer decisions, making it essential to explore specific elements that set the Bug apart in its class.
Infotainment System
User Interface
The user interface of the infotainment system in the 2018 Volkswagen Bug stands out due to its intuitive layout and ease of use. This aspect is crucial in ensuring that drivers can access essential functions without distraction. A notable characteristic of the system is its touchscreen functionality, which allows for swift interactions. This makes it a popular choice among users who value seamless integration into their driving experience.
One unique feature is the customizable home screen, enabling users to prioritize their most-used applications. This personalization adds to the user-friendliness but requires familiarization. Though there are criticisms regarding the occasional lag in response time, overall, the user interface is favorable for the target audience seeking simplicity and efficiency.
Connectivity Features
Connectivity features in the 2018 Volkswagen Bug are designed to enhance the driving experience through integration with personal devices. The inclusion of Apple CarPlay and Android Auto stands out as a key characteristic, allowing users to connect their smartphones easily.
This feature significantly benefits users who rely on navigation and music streaming during commutes. Customizable settings for various applications ensure that users can adapt the system to their needs. However, the reliance on mobile data for some features can be a disadvantage in areas with poor coverage. Despite this, the appeal of connectivity features remains strong among tech-savvy consumers.
Driver Assistance Features
Adaptive Cruise Control
Adaptive cruise control is a noteworthy addition to the 2018 Volkswagen Bug’s suite of driver assistance technologies. This feature automates speed adjustment to maintain safe distances from other vehicles. Its significance lies in enhancing driver comfort during longer journeys. The ability to set a speed while the system autonomously adjusts as traffic changes proves valuable.
A key characteristic is its ability to function in various driving conditions, making it a beneficial choice for those who often navigate heavy traffic. However, some drivers might find it takes time to trust the system fully, presenting a potential obstacle for new users. Overall, adaptive cruise control adds a layer of convenience to the driving experience, aligning with modern expectations for safety.
Parking Assistance
Parking assistance in the 2018 Volkswagen Bug offers features designed to simplify the often challenging task of parking. This aid can be especially beneficial in urban environments where space is limited. It utilizes sensors to detect available spots, guiding the vehicle through parking maneuvers.
A distinct feature is the rearview camera, providing visibility that enhances safety during parking. This feature is favorable for consumers who may struggle with traditional parking methods. However, dependence on technology may lead some to underutilize their own driving skills. Despite this, parking assistance is a valuable tool for many drivers, especially in congested areas.
"The integration of these technological advancements reflects a broader trend in the automotive industry towards enhanced safety and connectivity."
The technological features of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug play a pivotal role in its appeal. The strengths of the infotainment system and driver assistance systems enhance customer satisfaction. As technology continues to shape the automotive market, the Bug positions itself well within its segment, catering to modern preferences.
Comparative Analysis
The comparative analysis section is crucial in understanding the 2018 Volkswagen Bug's place in the automotive market. By investigating the surrounding vehicles and how they contrast with the Bug, buyers can make informed decisions. It allows automotive enthusiasts and potential buyers to grasp the nuances that differentiate the Bug from other models. Through this analysis, one can appreciate what makes the 2018 Volkswagen Bug unique, along with its strengths and weaknesses against its competitors.
Competitor Vehicles
Similar Models in Market
Similar models in the market play an important role in consumer choice. Cars such as the Mini Cooper and Fiat 500 offer distinct advantages that appeal to a similar demographic. These vehicles emphasize compactness, distinctive styling, and urban driving efficiency. Notably, the Mini Cooper stands out with its sportier performance options and handling. The Fiat 500, on the other hand, is often recognized for its affordability and quirky design.
The key characteristic of these models is their attention to design and city-friendliness, making them popular among young professionals and urban dwellers. Each model consists of unique features that can both attract and deter potential buyers. For example, the Mini offers high-performance variants, which may appeal to those who desire excitement, while the Fiat focuses on cost-effectiveness, which is a bonus for budget-conscious consumers.
Differentiating Factors
Differentiating factors among the competitors highlight why they might be chosen over the Bug. The Mini Cooper's sporty handling makes it a thrilling option for those who enjoy dynamic driving experiences. It offers various engine types, including turbocharged variants that enhance performance.
The unique feature here is the customization options available with Mini. This level of personalization resonates with buyers who value individuality in their vehicle choices. However, this option can come at a premium price, unlike the Volkswagen Bug, which tends to have more straightforward configurations.
Value Proposition
Price Range
The price range of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug plays a significant role in its value proposition. Its MSRP typically falls in the mid-range segment compared to its rivals. This positioning makes it attractive to those looking for a unique vehicle without straining their finances too much. The Bug offers an appealing balance between affordability and distinctive style.
An important characteristic of this price range is how it appeals to consumers who desire quality without overspending. However, while it is competitively priced, some critics argue that additional features found in top-notch competitors are missed in the Bug's offering.
Total Cost of Ownership
Total cost of ownership includes not just the purchase price but also maintenance, insurance, and fuel efficiency. The 2018 Volkswagen Bug offers average maintenance costs with decent fuel economy. This makes it an appealing choice for buyers conscious of long-term spending.
The unique feature here is the Bug's solid reliability reputation, which contributes to lower unexpected repair costs over time. In contrast, some competitors may require more frequent service visits, leading to increased total ownership costs. The Bug's economy is a significant draw, especially for those considering lifetime ownership.
Closure
The conclusion of this article plays a vital role in synthesizing the various aspects of the 2018 Volkswagen Bug discussed previously. This vehicle stands out in the compact car segment due to its distinctive design, performance metrics, and technological advances. One must consider how the Bug balances nostalgia with modern functionality, making it appealing to both traditional car enthusiasts and newer, tech-savvy consumers.
A critical point to mention is the importance of consumer feedback. This feedback shapes the vehicle's evolution in subsequent models. Owners often reflect on their experiences concerning comfort, safety features, and performance, which provides valuable insights for potential buyers. The 2018 model has successfully garnered a strong customer approval rating, indicating a satisfactory ownership experience.
Final Thoughts on the Volkswagen Bug
The 2018 Volkswagen Bug embodies a blend of heritage and innovation. Its design pays homage to the original Beetle while integrating contemporary features. This balance resonates well within automotive culture, ensuring a classic appeal without forsaking modernity. Performance-wise, the Bug caters to a specific market segment that values efficient engines and reliability. Additionally, its safety features are on par with contemporary standards, making it a reliable choice for daily commuting. Owners appreciate the specific functions like stability control and airbags, enhancing their sense of security.
Future Implications for the Model
Looking ahead, the future of the Volkswagen Bug raises interesting considerations. As environmental regulations become increasingly stringent, the automaker may need to innovate further towards alternative energy sources like electric options. The growing trend towards sustainability in the automotive industry suggests that future iterations of the Bug could focus on hybrid or fully electric models.
Moreover, the market's competitive landscape continues to shift. Other brands are constantly evolving, potentially impacting the Bug's positioning. Volkswagen must remain vigilant and responsive to emerging automotive technologies and consumer preferences.
In summary, the 2018 Volkswagen Bug is a notable contender in its class. It satisfies a niche market while requiring vigilance for future developments in technology and consumer expectations. The possibility of innovation coupled with a strong brand heritage makes it a model to watch.
